Tag: Martin Luther King Jr

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Bible Teaching

A Generation that Speaks

Apostolic Life Cathedral | 2/2/2025 | 10:00 AM

Text: Isaiah 53:1-12

“(1) Who hath believed our report? and to whom is the arm of the LORD revealed?  (2)  For he shall grow up before him as a tender plant, and as a root out of a dry ground: he hath no form nor comeliness; and when we shall see him, there is no beauty that we should desire him.  (3)  He is despised and rejected of men; a man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief: and we hid as it were our faces from him; he was despised, and we esteemed him not.  (4)  Surely he hath borne our griefs, and carried our sorrows: yet we did esteem him stricken, smitten of God, and afflicted.  (5)  But he was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised for our iniquities: the chastisement of our peace was upon him; and with his stripes we are healed.  (6)  All we like sheep have gone astray; we have turned every one to his own way; and the LORD hath laid on him the iniquity of us all.  (7)  He was oppressed, and he was afflicted, yet he opened not his mouth: he is brought as a lamb to the slaughter, and as a sheep before her shearers is dumb, so he openeth not his mouth.  (8)  He was taken from prison and from judgment: and who shall declare his generation? for he was cut off out of the land of the living: for the transgression of my people was he stricken.  (9)  And he made his grave with the wicked, and with the rich in his death; because he had done no violence, neither was any deceit in his mouth.  (10)  Yet it pleased the LORD to bruise him; he hath put him to grief: when thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin, he shall see his seed, he shall prolong his days, and the pleasure of the LORD shall prosper in his hand.  (11)  He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied: by his knowledge shall my righteous servant justify many; for he shall bear their iniquities.  (12)  Therefore will I divide him a portion with the great, and he shall divide the spoil with the strong; because he hath poured out his soul unto death: and he was numbered with the transgressors; and he bare the sin of many, and made intercession for the transgressors.”

I want to focus your attention this morning on this question from verse 8:

“He was taken from prison and from judgment: and who shall declare his generation?

Who shall declare His generation?

I will teach/preach this morning on this topic:

A Generation That Speaks

Organizations, education centers and businesses are constantly trying to find ways to reach, influence and motivate people.

In fact, much time and money is invested in the field of sociology to study the particular ways that each generation in the last 100 years are similar and different.

This “generational analysis” is of particular interest to the church as well because “unless we learn how to understand, engage, communicate, and connect [with these] different generations, [we]will edge towards irrelevancy and extinction.”[1]

Social analyst and demographer, Mark McCrindle, Has defined these generational demographics. Where do you fit?

  1. The Builders generation describes those born before 1946.
    1. This generation built much of the society we know today.
    1. This generation has also displayed their resilience through some tough times: starting life after a Depression, hearing stories of World War I from their parents and living through World War II.
    1. Today, we refer to them at “Senior Citizens,” but weren’t always seniors. They are the generation that built our suburbs, institutions, and infrastructure, and continue to build in their own ways to this day.
    1. They uphold much of the values, principles and commitments that built our society.
    1. They are also a very understanding and adaptable generation, who appreciate the younger generations who have grown up in a world so different from the one in which they were born.
  2. The Baby Boomers were born between 1946 and 1964.
    1. They get their generational label from the baby boom that occurred post-World War II (the fertility rate was 3.5 babies per woman)
    1. This increase in population resulted in a boom in the economy, housing, construction, and infrastructure to accommodate this population that was almost doubling in their early years.
    1. This empowered generation shaped society and the social context.
    1. They pushed back on political decisions, participated in protests, saw the rise of feminism, and had a desire for equality. They were the social justice warriors of their time.
    1. Whether good or bad, the Baby Boomers brought about massive cultural, social, and economic change, and continue to have impact our society today.
    1. Their high net-worth has helped build our economy and lend a hand to the next generation – “the bank of mom and dad.”
  3. Generation X was born between 1965 and 1979.
    1. This generation sings the tunes of anti-establishment and have a mindset of pushing back on authority figures.
    1. Until COVID-19, Generation X benefited from a time of economic prosperity and property ownership. As a result, they experienced and embraced small business and entrepreneurial opportunities.
    1. Generation X have done well through this era, despite their early angst and now they are doing things differently to the generations that went before them.
  4. Generation Y, or Millennials, were born between 1980 and 1994.
    1. They have been known for their love of smashed avocado, specialty coffee and travelling abroad.
    1. Because of accelerating house prices and flat wages growth many in this generation have been locked out of buying their own homes.
    1. There are events, experiences, and political drama that molds each generation, and for the Millennials, this all occurred on September 11, 2001.
    1. When 9/11 took place they were in their formative years and much of the next decade defined and shaped their global outlook.
    1. Millennials get a lot of negative press, but like Generation X, they are gaining stability that comes with maturity. Today, this generation are entering the parent and family life stage as they move into their 30s and 40s.
  5. Generation Z describes those born between 1995 and 2009.
    1. Shaped in a COVID-19 era, this generation has experienced economic and social upsets, and they have adapted and become more conservative as a result.
    1. This also means they are more resilient, focused on education and recognise the importance of it in their foundational years. They know that in a competitive environment, they need to up-skill and retrain, and can’t just rely on job-for-life for stability.
    1. Lifelong learning is their mindset.
    1. This generation is conscious that they need to work hard to achieve the things they want in their life, and this mindset goes against some of the stereotypes of young people.
    1. Generation Z volunteer at a higher rate and are more likely to work for a non-profit than any prior generation.
    1. They focus on values, fulfilment and making a difference with their life. That matters more than just what they can earn. But at the same time, they’re financially conservative.
    1. They are diligently saving for a home, they want a place of their own.
  6. Generation Alpha were born between 2010 and 2024.
    1. The start of something new, Generation Alpha are the start of something new. This Alpha cohort is the first generation to be fully born in the 21st Century and to be shaped in this new era.
    1. The year they began being born (2010), Instagram launched, and the iPad became available, which says a lot about how technology has shaped them.
    1. COVID-19, increasing globalization, connectivity and empowerment also says a lot about them.
    1. We need to recognize that it’s a whole new landscape in which they have been born into and which is shaping them.[2]

Mark McCrindle writes, “When we look at the times and technologies that shaped us, it helps us to understand ourselves and how we are different to others. Hopefully, that then helps to bridge gaps rather than point out those gaps. Because until we can understand the difference, have warmth across that difference, see the reasons for it and the context of why we’re seeing those different behaviors or responses, we’re just going to point the finger rather than appreciate the strengths of other generations. Understanding always precedes empathy, and empathy is essential for community and cohesion among people of different generations.”[3]

The point is, every generation has a voice, influence and effect on the times and culture around them. Sometimes, that voice can be heard loudly, and other times it is silent.

  • A generation can either “speak truth to power,” as the Quakers did when they spoke out against the injustice of their time, or as the non-violent demonstrations espoused by Martin Luther King, Jr. and the Civil Rights Movement did in theirs.
  • A generation can also stay silent, “Silence is Consent.” World War II witnessed the silence of some in Europe, and even in the USA, and that silence made them complicit in the Holocaust where 6 million Jews were exterminated.
    • Albert Einstein, “If I Were to Remain Silent, I’d Be Guilty of Complicity.”
    • Martin Luther King, Jr.
      • “There comes a time when silence is betrayal.”
      • “Our lives begin to end the day we become silent about things that matter.”
      • “In the end, we will remember not the words of our enemies, but the silence of our friends.”

A Generation That Speaks

The silence was deafening the day Jesus stumbled under the burden of the roughhewn cross beam, bloodied, bruised and edging closer to His death at Calvary.

700 years before that fateful day, Isaiah posed the prophetic question, “He was taken from prison and from judgment: and who shall declare his generation?”

This is no mere idle question, no futile query taking up space on the pages of the Holy Writ.

In that generation, “It is said that before anyone was punished for a capital crime, proclamation was made before him by a crier in these words, ‘Whosoever knows anything about his innocence, let him come and make it known.’”[4]

And nobody spoke up. Yes, noise filled the streets, but no one shouted the innocence of Jesus.

Not one voice was lifted to cry out, “He is Innocent.”

Silence from the crowd that was surely dotted with faces of those He had healed, delivered, comforted and taught.

SILENCE!

Jesus may have been referencing this custom when he said to Caiaphas, “I spake openly to the world; I ever taught in the synagogue, and in the temple, whither the Jews always resort; and in secret have I said nothing. Why askest thou me? ask them which heard me, what I have said unto them: behold, they know what I said.”[5]

No one spoke for Him.

No one spoke up about His impeccable life.

Everyone present on the road to Calvary and at Calvary was guilty of silent complicity on that day, Roman, Jew, man, woman, citizen, visitor, disciples, scribes, Pharisees.

Philip declared the generation of Jesus to the Ethiopian:

“(26) And the angel of the Lord spake unto Philip, saying, Arise, and go toward the south unto the way that goeth down from Jerusalem unto Gaza, which is desert.  (27)  And he arose and went: and, behold, a man of Ethiopia, an eunuch of great authority under Candace queen of the Ethiopians, who had the charge of all her treasure, and had come to Jerusalem for to worship,  (28)  Was returning, and sitting in his chariot read Esaias the prophet.  (29)  Then the Spirit said unto Philip, Go near, and join thyself to this chariot.  (30)  And Philip ran thither to him, and heard him read the prophet Esaias, and said, Understandest thou what thou readest?  (31)  And he said, How can I, except some man should guide me? And he desired Philip that he would come up and sit with him.  (32)  The place of the scripture which he read was this, He was led as a sheep to the slaughter; and like a lamb dumb before his shearer, so opened he not his mouth:  (33)  In his humiliation his judgment was taken away: and who shall declare his generation? for his life is taken from the earth.  (34)  And the eunuch answered Philip, and said, I pray thee, of whom speaketh the prophet this? of himself, or of some other man?  (35)  Then Philip opened his mouth, and began at the same scripture, and preached unto him Jesus.”[6]

Paul declared His generation on a hilltop in Athens, and identified all believers as His offspring:

“(22) Then Paul stood in the midst of Mars’ hill, and said, Ye men of Athens, I perceive that in all things ye are too superstitious.  (23)  For as I passed by, and beheld your devotions, I found an altar with this inscription, TO THE UNKNOWN GOD. Whom therefore ye ignorantly worship, him declare I unto you.  (24)  God that made the world and all things therein, seeing that he is Lord of heaven and earth, dwelleth not in temples made with hands;  (25)  Neither is worshipped with men’s hands, as though he needed any thing, seeing he giveth to all life, and breath, and all things;  (26)  And hath made of one blood all nations of men for to dwell on all the face of the earth, and hath determined the times before appointed, and the bounds of their habitation;  (27)  That they should seek the Lord, if haply they might feel after him, and find him, though he be not far from every one of us:  (28)  For in him we live, and move, and have our being; as certain also of your own poets have said, For we are also his offspring.  (29)  Forasmuch then as we are the offspring of God, we ought not to think that the Godhead is like unto gold, or silver, or stone, graven by art and man’s device.  (30)  And the times of this ignorance God winked at; but now commandeth all men every where to repent:  (31)  Because he hath appointed a day, in the which he will judge the world in righteousness by that man whom he hath ordained; whereof he hath given assurance unto all men, in that he hath raised him from the dead.”[7]

The Lord Jesus Christ, in His role of sonship will judge the world in righteousness one day:

John 5:21-23  For as the Father raiseth up the dead, and quickeneth them; even so the Son quickeneth whom he will.  (22)  For the Father judgeth no man, but hath committed all judgment unto the Son:  (23)  That all men should honour the Son, even as they honour the Father. He that honoureth not the Son honoureth not the Father which hath sent him.

We are His generation:

  • Isaiah wrote, “…who shall declare his generation?” Then he added, “…He shall see his seed, he shall prolong his days…”
    • We are that seed, the Children of God, a generation of men and women born of the Spirit.
  • “A seed shall serve Him; it shall be accounted to the Lord for a generation.”[8]
  • 1 Peter 2:9-10, “(9) But ye are a chosen generation, a royal priesthood, an holy nation, a peculiar people; that ye should shew forth the praises of him who hath called you out of darkness into his marvellous light:  (10)  Which in time past were not a people, but are now the people of God: which had not obtained mercy, but now have obtained mercy.”

He speaks for us and declares for us what no one did for Him:

  • “He that spared not his own Son, but delivered him up for us all, how shall he not with him also freely give us all things? Who shall lay any thing to the charge of God’s elect? It is God that justifieth. Who is he that condemneth? It is Christ that died, yea rather, that is risen again, who is even at the right hand of God, who also maketh intercession for us” (Romans 8:32-34).
  • Hebrews 7:25, “Wherefore he is able also to save them to the uttermost that come unto God by him, seeing he ever liveth to make intercession for them.”
  • “My little children, these things write I unto you, that ye sin not. And if any man sin, we have an advocate with the Father, Jesus Christ the righteous: And he is the propitiation for our sins: and not for ours only, but also for the sins of the whole world” (1 John 2:1-2).
    • Advocate = Helper, Adviser, Counselor who pleads our case.
    • Propitiation = Jesus is the atoning sacrifice for our sins. He puts us at one, reconciles us, declares us innocent.

Jesus is A Generation That Speaks and He declares for all that will receive Him:

Innocent – Innocent – Innocent

[1] Mark McCrindle. (2024). How generational analysis is helpful. Accessed: Feb. 1, 2025. https://mccrindle.com.au/article/topic/demographics/the-generations-defined/.

[2] Ibid.

[3] Ibid.

[4] Albert Barnes’ Notes on the Bible. Isaiah 53:8.

[5] John 18:20-21

[6] Acts 8:26-39

[7] Acts 17:22-31 

[8] Psalm 22:30

Categories
Bible Preaching

Let Freedom Ring

Apostolic Life Cathedral | 7/2/2023 | 10:00 AM

Text: John 8:31-38

(31)  Then said Jesus to those Jews which believed on him, If ye continue in my word, then are ye my disciples indeed;

(32)  And ye shall know the truth, and the truth shall make you free.

(33)  They answered him, We be Abraham’s seed, and were never in bondage to any man: how sayest thou, Ye shall be made free?

(34)  Jesus answered them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Whosoever committeth sin is the servant of sin.

(35)  And the servant abideth not in the house for ever: but the Son abideth ever.

(36)  If the Son therefore shall make you free, ye shall be free indeed.

(37)  I know that ye are Abraham’s seed; but ye seek to kill me, because my word hath no place in you.

(38)  I speak that which I have seen with my Father: and ye do that which ye have seen with your father.

“All the great things are simple, and many can be expressed in a single word: freedom; justice; honor; duty; mercy; hope.”

-Winston Churchill

We call it the Fourth of July, July 4th, or by its proper designation, Independence Day. It is the celebration of citizens of the United States as they commemorate:

…The Declaration of Independence, which was ratified by the Second Continental Congress on July 4, 1776, establishing the United States of America.

The Founding Father delegates of the Second Continental Congress declared that the Thirteen Colonies were no longer subject (and subordinate) to the monarch of Britain, King George III, and were now united, free, and independent states. The Congress voted to approve independence by passing the Lee Resolution on July 2 and adopted the Declaration of Independence two days later, on July 4.[1]

On July 3, 1776, John Adams wrote to his wife, Abigail:

The second day of July 1776, will be the most memorable epoch in the history of America. I am apt to believe that it will be celebrated by succeeding generations as the great anniversary festival. It ought to be commemorated as the day of deliverance, by solemn acts of devotion to God Almighty. It ought to be solemnized with pomp and parade, with shows, games, sports, guns, bells, bonfires, and illuminations, from one end of this continent to the other, from this time forward forever more.[2]

Truth leads to freedom: “Then said Jesus to those Jews which believed on him, If ye continue in my word, then are ye my disciples indeed; And ye shall know the truth, and the truth shall make you free” (John 8:31-32).

There is a difference between being set free and to make free = you can be free physically, but bound. Prisoners who have been in prison for many years are now put in classes to help them transition from the mindset of a prisoner to that of a free man when the date of their release gets close. Some people don’t know how to handle freedom.

“…The truth shall make you free…” Knowing Jesus – The Way, The Truth, and the Life – will make you free.

 Free from the prison of guilt, slavery of evil desires, immoral tendencies, and debased opinions.

The condition of a sinner, or anyone who hasn’t given themselves completely to King Jesus, is that of a captive…a slave to sin.

Romans 6:16-22

(16)  Know ye not, that to whom ye yield yourselves servants to obey, his servants ye are to whom ye obey; whether of sin unto death, or of obedience unto righteousness?

(17)  But God be thanked, that ye were the servants of sin, but ye have obeyed from the heart that form of doctrine which was delivered you.

(18)  Being then made free from sin, ye became the servants of righteousness.

(19)  I speak after the manner of men because of the infirmity of your flesh: for as ye have yielded your members servants to uncleanness and to iniquity unto iniquity; even so now yield your members servants to righteousness unto holiness.

(20)  For when ye were the servants of sin, ye were free from righteousness.

(21)  What fruit had ye then in those things whereof ye are now ashamed? for the end of those things is death.

(22)  But now being made free from sin, and become servants to God, ye have your fruit unto holiness, and the end everlasting life.

The effect of the Gospel is to break this hard bondage to sin and to set the sinner free. We learn from this that obeying the Gospel and serving Jesus is not slavery or oppression. It is true freedom.[3]

Often, in life, people are mistreated and find themselves bound by others.

Moreover, people find themselves bound by their own choices.

Jesus sets all people free.

Reminds me of a chorus I heard when I was young:

Jesus breaks every fetter, Jesus breaks every fetter, Jesus breaks every fetter, For He sets me free!

“If the Son therefore shall make you free, ye shall be free indeed.”[4]

I am certain that there is someone here who has been battling with something that has robbed you of your peace of mind.

You can’t seem to get the rest you need because of it.

You feel bound by it.

It is not a sin, but it has put chains on you and you want to be free.

Jesus breaks every fetter, Jesus breaks every fetter, Jesus breaks every fetter, For He sets me free!

“Joseph was a type of Christ in the Old Testament. The famine was an event designed to bring the brothers to repentance and a saving knowledge, both physically and spiritually. The tragedy of the famine created the circumstances that led to freedom for these men, for they had been in bondage to a wicked crime against their brother for many years. It was forgiveness from Joseph that led to that freedom.”

-Os Hillman

Let Freedom Ring

Genesis 37:26-36

(26)  And Judah said unto his brethren, What profit is it if we slay our brother, and conceal his blood?

(27)  Come, and let us sell him to the Ishmeelites, and let not our hand be upon him; for he is our brother and our flesh. And his brethren were content.

(28)  Then there passed by Midianites merchantmen; and they drew and lifted up Joseph out of the pit, and sold Joseph to the Ishmeelites for twenty pieces of silver: and they brought Joseph into Egypt.

(29)  And Reuben returned unto the pit; and, behold, Joseph was not in the pit; and he rent his clothes.

(30)  And he returned unto his brethren, and said, The child is not; and I, whither shall I go?

(31)  And they took Joseph’s coat, and killed a kid of the goats, and dipped the coat in the blood;

(32)  And they sent the coat of many colours, and they brought it to their father; and said, This have we found: know now whether it be thy son’s coat or no.

(33)  And he knew it, and said, It is my son’s coat; an evil beast hath devoured him; Joseph is without doubt rent in pieces.

(34)  And Jacob rent his clothes, and put sackcloth upon his loins, and mourned for his son many days.

(35)  And all his sons and all his daughters rose up to comfort him; but he refused to be comforted; and he said, For I will go down into the grave unto my son mourning. Thus his father wept for him.

(36)  And the Midianites sold him into Egypt unto Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh’s, and captain of the guard.

Decisions that stick with you

Good ones

Bad ones

These brothers lived years in the knowledge of what they’d done and it effected every part of their life, UNTIL they heard of the salvation available in Egypt.

Their bad choice, with all its years of negative consequences and grief was about to be reversed and where bondage was there would now be freedom.

John Bevere, Killing Kryptonite:

My freedom didn’t come until I changed my priorities. In the beginning, I wanted God to set me free because I was worried my sin would get in the way of my ministry. But then my heart shifted, and I began to focus on how my decisions were affecting my intimacy with Jesus. I started caring about how my sin affected God.

Duke Ellington’s Four Major Freedoms to Live By and Enjoy (4-29-1969):

  1. Freedom from hate, unconditionally.
  2. Freedom from self-pity.
  3. Freedom from fear of possibly doing something that may help someone else more than it would help you.
  4. Freedom from the kind of pride that could make a man feel that he is better than his brother.

August 28, 2023 will commemorate the 60th anniversary of the celebrated Martin Luther King, Jr. “I Have a Dream” speech.[5] In this seminal speech, King addressed the inequalities and injustices that severed, and still sever, the black citizens and white citizens of the United States of America from one another. His dream was for that division to end and true brotherhood to begin, which is why he would say:

I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation.

Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the Emancipation Proclamation. This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice. It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity.

But one hundred years later, the Negro still is not free. One hundred years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination. One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity. One hundred years later, the Negro is still languished in the corners of American society and finds himself in exile in his own land. And so we’ve come here today to dramatize a shameful condition.

In a sense we’ve come to our nation’s capital to cash a check. When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence, they were signing a promissory note to which every American was to fall heir. This note was a promise that all men, yes, black men as well as white men, would be guaranteed the unalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. It is obvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory note insofar as her citizens of color are concerned. Instead of honoring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check, a check which has come back marked insufficient funds.

But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt. We refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults of opportunity of this nation. And so we’ve come to cash this check, a check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice.

We have also come to this hallowed spot to remind America of the fierce urgency of now. This is no time to engage in the luxury of cooling off or to take the tranquilizing drug of gradualism. Now is the time to make real the promises of democracy. Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice. Now is the time to lift our nation from the quicksands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood. Now is the time to make justice a reality for all of God’s children.

It would be fatal for the nation to overlook the urgency of the moment. This sweltering summer of the Negro’s legitimate discontent will not pass until there is an invigorating autumn of freedom and equality. 1963 is not an end, but a beginning. And those who hope that the Negro needed to blow off steam and will now be content will have a rude awakening if the nation returns to business as usual. There will be neither rest nor tranquility in America until the Negro is granted his citizenship rights. The whirlwinds of revolt will continue to shake the foundations of our nation until the bright day of justice emerges.

But there is something that I must say to my people, who stand on the warm threshold which leads into the palace of justice: in the process of gaining our rightful place, we must not be guilty of wrongful deeds. Let us not seek to satisfy our thirst for freedom by drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred. We must forever conduct our struggle on the high plane of dignity and discipline. We must not allow our creative protest to degenerate into physical violence. Again and again, we must rise to the majestic heights of meeting physical force with soul force. The marvelous new militancy which has engulfed the Negro community must not lead us to a distrust of all white people, for many of our white brothers, as evidenced by their presence here today, have come to realize that their destiny is tied up with our destiny, and they have come to realize that their freedom is inextricably bound to our freedom. We cannot walk alone.

And as we walk, we must make the pledge that we shall always march ahead. We cannot turn back. There are those who are asking the devotees of civil rights, “When will you be satisfied?” We can never be satisfied as long as the Negro is the victim of the unspeakable horrors of police brutality. We can never be satisfied [applause] as long as our bodies, heavy with the fatigue of travel, cannot gain lodging in the motels of the highways and the hotels of the cities. We cannot be satisfied as long as the Negro’s basic mobility is from a smaller ghetto to a larger one. We can never be satisfied as long as our children are stripped of their selfhood and robbed of their dignity by signs stating for whites only. We cannot be satisfied as long as a Negro in Mississippi cannot vote and a Negro in New York believes he has nothing for which to vote. No, no, we are not satisfied and we will not be satisfied until justice rolls down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream.

I am not unmindful that some of you have come here out of great trials and tribulations. Some of you have come fresh from narrow jail cells. Some of you have come from areas where your quest for freedom left you battered by the storms of persecution and staggered by the winds of police brutality. You have been the veterans of creative suffering. Continue to work with the faith that unearned suffering is redemptive. Go back to Mississippi, go back to Alabama, go back to South Carolina, go back to Georgia, go back to Louisiana, go back to the slums and ghettos of our northern cities, knowing that somehow this situation can and will be changed. Let us not wallow in the valley of despair.

I say to you today, my friends, so even though we face the difficulties of today and tomorrow, I still have a dream. It is a dream deeply rooted in the American dream.

I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal.”

I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia), the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood.

I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.

I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. I have a dream today.

I have a dream that one day down in Alabama, with its vicious racists, with its governor having his lips dripping with the words of “interposition” and “nullification,” one day right there in Alabama little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers. I have a dream today.

I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plain, and the crooked places will be made straight, and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together.

This is our hope. This is the faith that I go back to the South with. With this faith we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope. With this faith we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood. With this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day.

This will be the day, this will be the day when all of God’s children will be able to sing with new meaning: “My country, ‘tis of thee, sweet land of liberty, of thee I sing. Land where my fathers died, land of the pilgrim’s pride, from every mountainside, let freedom ring!”

And if America is to be a great nation, this must become true. So let freedom ring from the prodigious hilltops of New Hampshire. Let freedom ring from the mighty mountains of New York. Let freedom ring from the heightening Alleghenies of Pennsylvania. Let freedom ring from the snow-capped Rockies of Colorado. Let freedom ring from the curvaceous slopes of California. But not only that: Let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia. Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee. Let freedom ring from every hill and molehill of Mississippi. From every mountainside, let freedom ring.

And when this happens, and when we allow freedom ring, when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of God’s children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual: “Free at last! Free at last! Thank God Almighty, we are free at last!”[6]

[1] Entry for Independence Day. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(United_States). Accessed: 7/1/2023.

[2] Ibid.

[3] Paraphrase of Albert Barnes’ Notes on the Bible. Entry for John 8:32.

[4] John 8:36

[5] Read Martin Luther King Jr.’s ‘I Have a Dream’ speech in its entirety. Accessed: July 1, 2023. https://www.npr.org/2010/01/18/122701268/i-have-a-dream-speech-in-its-entirety.

[6] I Have A Dream. https://www.marshall.edu/onemarshallu/i-have-a-dream/. Accessed: 7/1/2023.